High leukotriene B4 serum levels increase risk of painful diabetic neuropathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Kelvin Yuwanda,Anna Marita Gelgel,I Made Oka Adnyana,Dewa Putu Gde Purwa Samatra,I Komang Arimbawa,I Putu Eka Widyadharma

doi:10.1186/s41983-021-00375-4

Kelvin Yuwanda, Anna Marita Gelgel + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1186/s41983-021-00375-4

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Abstract

BackgroundPainful diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus, with approximately 30–50% of people will experience diabetic neuropathy. Chronic hyperglycemia will cause an inflammatory process that will trigger an immune response included leukotrienes. Leukotriene B4 is associated with hemoglobin glycation levels. This study aimed to determine high serum leukotriene B4 levels and other factors as a risk factor for painful diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient.ResultsForty-two subjects with 22 cases (median age 56.5 ± 4.9 years) and 20 controls (median age 56.5 ± 5.2 years) group were collected. In bivariate analysis, significant factor for high risk PDN was high leukotriene B4 serum level (OR 5.10; 95% CI 1.34–19.4, p 0.014). Meanwhile, insignificant factors were anti-diabetic drugs (OR 2.139; 0.62–7.37; p = 0.226), and duration of diabetes mellitus (OR 2.282; 0.56–9.25; p = 0.315). Independent risk factor was serum leukotriene B4 levels (OR 5.10; 95% CI 1.336–19.470; p = 0.017).ConclusionsIn this study, high leukotriene B4 serum levels increase the risk of painful diabetic neuropathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus. The leukotriene B4 may consider as a potential biomarker for early detection in high risk for PDN and early treatment.

Highlights

Painful diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus, with approximately 30–50% of people will experience diabetic neuropathy
This study aims to determine that high levels of Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) are a risk factor for diabetic neuropathy pain
The analysis showed a significant correlation between high serum LTB4 levels with PainfulDiabetic Neuropathy (PDN) in type 2 Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with OR 5.10 (1.34–19.4; p = 0.014) which means high serum LTB4 levels in type 2 DM patients increased risk 5.10 times to experience PDN compared with DM patients with low serum LTB4 levels

Summary

Introduction

Painful diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus, with approximately 30–50% of people will experience diabetic neuropathy. This study aimed to determine high serum leukotriene B4 levels and other factors as a risk factor for painful diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. The incidence of PDN is estimated to be 17.8 per 100,000 people per year and increases with age in the United Kingdom [6]. Another literature found that the prevalence of PDN was 30.3%, consisting of 33.1% type 2 diabetes patients and 14.1% type 1 diabetes patients [7]. DPN requires complex management once diagnosed, but beforehand, it should stress the importance of early screening for diagnosis [8]

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