Abstract
Laser micro-fabrication and micro-structuring of materials is usually carried out at the conditions close to the dielectric breakdown. Interplay between multi-photon and avalanche generation of electrons and thermal relaxation become critically important at those conditions in photo-polymerization, waveguide writing in glasses and for creation of new materials at the focal region. Relevant mechanisms of structuring are reviewed and discussed.
Highlights
Femtosecond laser pulses are the most precise tool to modify materials on the surface and in the bulk
Interplay between multi-photon and avalanche generation of electrons and thermal relaxation become critically important at those conditions in photo-polymerization, waveguide writing in glasses and for creation of new materials at the focal region
Surface structuring by ripples High melting temperature substrates such as sapphire Al2O3, SiC, or diamond are promising materials for nanotexturing by laser ablation since melting is minimized due to controlled heat dissipation at low repetition rate (< 0.2 MHz); the period of self-organized ripple patterns is small due to high refractive index, n, (period Λ = λ/(2n) where λ is the wavelength of laser irradiation)
Summary
Femtosecond laser pulses are the most precise tool to modify materials on the surface and in the bulk (volumetric recording). Abstract: Laser micro-fabrication and micro-structuring of materials is usually carried out at the conditions close to the dielectric breakdown. Interplay between multi-photon and avalanche generation of electrons and thermal relaxation become critically important at those conditions in photo-polymerization, waveguide writing in glasses and for creation of new materials at the focal region.
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