Abstract
Current physical activity guidelines for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are poorly supported by empirical evidence and the optimal dose of physical activity to improve glycemic control is unknown. This case report documents the effect of acute high‐intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate‐intensity exercise (MIE) on 24‐h glycemic control in three adolescents with T1D using continuous glucose monitoring. Results highlight varied individual response to exercise across the participants. In two participants both MIE and HIIE resulted in a drop in blood glucose during exercise (−38 to −42% for MIE and −21–46% in HIIE) and in one participant both MIE and HIIE resulted in increased blood glucose (+19% and + 36%, respectively). Over the 24‐h period average blood glucose was lower for all participants in the HIIE condition, and for two for the MIE condition, compared to no exercise. All three participants reported HIIE to be more enjoyable than MIE. These data show both HIIE and MIE have the potential to improve short‐term glycemic control in youth with T1D but HIIE was more enjoyable. Future work with a larger sample size is required to explore the potential for HIIE to improve health markers in youth with T1D.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality in adults with type one diabetes mellitus (T1D) (Soedamah-Muthu et al 2006), and is related to glycemic control as measured using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (Juutilainen et al 2008)
On day 1, participants were fitted with a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) and provided with a food intake and insulin administration diary
This study provides insight into changes in glycemic control over a 24-h period after an acute bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity exercise (MIE) in three adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D)
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality in adults with type one diabetes mellitus (T1D) (Soedamah-Muthu et al 2006), and is related to glycemic control as measured using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (Juutilainen et al 2008). While an acute bout of HIIE has been shown to improve postprandial and 24-h glycemic control in adults with type two diabetes mellitus (Gillen et al 2012), no data currently exist in youth with T1D. This case report presents data on the three participants who were originally recruited to a study, which closed due to inadequate recruitment, examining exercise and glycemic control in youth with T1D.
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