High hydrostatic pressure treatment reduces the potential antigenicity of β-conglycinin by changing the protein structure during in vitro digestion.

Abstract

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment has been used to alleviate the allergenicity of soybeans, but there are little data about the potential antigenicity of β-conglycinin after HHP treatment. We examined the effects of HHP treatment on the antigenicity and structure of β-conglycinin. When the pressure was 300 and 400 MPa, HHP treatment reduced the immunoglobulin (Ig)G binding capacity of β-conglycinin, while its IgE binding capacity did not change significantly. After in vitro digestion, both the IgE and IgG binding of β-conglycinin was obviously inhibited after HHP treatment at 400 MPa and 60 °C, although its binding capacity with linear epitope antibodies increased. Moreover, HHP treatment changed the secondary structure of β-conglycinin, the content of α-helix and random coils increased, while the β-sheet and β-turn decreased. After HHP treatment, the conformational structure was unfolded so that a large number of hydrophobic regions were exposed. HHP treatment alleviated the potential antigenicity of β-conglycinin by modifying its structure, which facilitated in vitro digestion and destroyed epitopes. This research provides a new insight into the mechanism of HHP treatment that affects the sensitization of soy protein allergens. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.