Abstract
Age- and obesity-related body composition changes could influence the hydration factor (HF) and, as a result, body composition estimates derived from hydrometry. The aim of the present study was to compare the HF in older Hispanic-American adults to some published values. This cross-sectional study included a sample of 412 subjects, men and women, aged ≥60 years from northern Mexico. HF values were calculated based on the ratio of total body water-using the deuterium dilution technique-to fat-free mass, derived from the four-compartment model. The mean HF value for the total sample (0.748 ± 0.034) was statistically (p ≤ 0.01) higher than the traditionally assumed value of 0.732 derived from chemical analysis, the “grand mean’’ value of 0.725 derived from in vivo methods, and the 0.734 value calculated for older French adults via the three-compartment model. The HF of the older women did not differ across the fat mass index categories, but in men the obese group was lower than the normal and excess fat groups. The hydration factor calculated for the total sample of older Hispanic-American people is higher than the HF values reported in the literature. Therefore, the indiscriminate use of these assumed values could produce inaccurate body composition estimates in older Hispanic-American people.
Highlights
The demographic and epidemiological transition represents a huge challenge for governments and health and aging institutions worldwide, especially the double burden of malnutrition in several age groups, including older people [1,2]
A total sample of 412 (265 women, 147 men) older Mexican subjects, aged 60–90 years, with body mass index (BMI) in the range of 18.7–43.6 kg/m2 -which corresponds to an fat mass index (FMI) range of 3.6–24.7 kg/m2 -were included
There was a difference between gender, regardless of FMI category, on some of the anthropometric variables analyzed by the two-sample independent t-test, as the men had significantly higher body weight and height than the women
Summary
The demographic and epidemiological transition represents a huge challenge for governments and health and aging institutions worldwide, especially the double burden of malnutrition in several age groups, including older people [1,2]. Appropriate nutritional assessments of older people are necessary to improve medical and nutritional management and to design appropriate interventions. In this regard, accurate tools for assessing body composition in older people are key. The most common methods used to assess body composition include such. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2897 two-compartment (2C) models as hydrometry, among others.
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