High grade vesicoureteral reflux in hypospadias: Case report of a rare association and review of literature

Abstract

The Hypospadias represents a common urogenital anomaly amenable to surgical correction. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are though may be found associated with hypospadias but it is unusual to have a severe VUR along with several episodes of high grade fever and culture positive urinary tract infections. We are presenting a rare association of high grade vesicoureteral reflux with febrile urinary tract infections (UTI’s) with subcoronal hypospadias. We also reviewed the available literature on this rare association and present its work-up and management.