High glucose drinks improve the anti-tumor efficacy of brain tumor immunity by gut microbiome modulation

Abstract

Abstract Over the past decades, consumption of high sugar drinks has been linked to diverse diseases such as obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes. It has been found that most of these high sugar drinks have negative effect on the host including progression of colorectal malignancies. However, there were little literatures about the effect of intake of these high sugar drinks on distant tumors such as glioblastoma (GBM). We observed the GBM survival rate by supplying 20% glucose water in the GL261 mouse syngeneic GBM model and found consumption of high glucose water increased the survival outcomes. Administration of such high glucose water enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of CD8+ T cells in GBM tumor microenvironment. This change induced a synergistic effect with anti PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor in GBM mouse syngeneic model. We found that the gut microbiota induced the anti-tumor effect of high glucose water with negative result of germ-free mice experiment. Through 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of fecal samples of mice, administration of high glucose water induced more abundance of Desulfovibrio genus and proved that this strain played a decisive role in improving the survival rate of the GBM mouse model. As a result, we identified that the intake of high sugar drinks could affect the survival rate of GBM through changes in gut microbiome.