Abstract
article i nfo Background: Genetic diversity and genetic variation of 10 populations and subpopulations of Magnolia wufengensis, a new and endangered endemic species, were examined by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) molecular markers. Compared with other endangered endemic Magnolia taxa, M. wufengensis holds a relatively high level of genetic variation. Result: Total genetic diversity was found to be 87.7% for ISSR and 88.0% for SRAP markers. For polymorphic loci (P), the effective mean number of alleles (Ae) was 1.414 for ISSR markers and 1.458 for SRAP markers, while the mean expected heterozygosity (H) was 0.256 using ISSR and 0.291 for SRAP markers. Within-population variation was estimated for P as 74.9% using ISSR and 74.6% with SRAP markers; the number of alleles Ae was 1.379 with ISSR and 1.397 for SRAP and H 0.235 with ISSR and 0.247 for SRAP markers. Conclusion:Theanalysisof molecularvariationofbothISSRandSRAPmarkersystemsindicatedthatmostgenetic variation iswithin populations, with valuesof 90.64%and 82.92%respectively. Mantel tests indicated a moderate association between the two marker systems and a low correlation between genetic and geographic distances. High levels of genetic diversity and low levels of population divergence suggest that genetic drift is not currently of great concern for this species. Severe habitat loss and fragmentation, predominantly ascribed to anthropogenic pressures, caused in-situ developing restriction of this species. Action for conserving this rare species for its long-term survival should be taken immediately.
Highlights
Magnolia wufengensis is under the subgenus Yulania, Magnolia, found in 2006 by Ma et al [1,2]
When two or more types of molecular marker systems are used to evaluate genetic diversity of wild or domestic populations with the same accessions, the correspondence between marker systems might be an interesting matter for studies
The genetic similarities between SSR and AFLP markers of durum wheat were defined by a correlation coefficient r = 0.81 [15]
Summary
Magnolia wufengensis is under the subgenus Yulania, Magnolia, found in 2006 by Ma et al [1,2] It can be found in Wufeng, southwest in Hubei Province, and neighboring counties in China. Considerable morphological variation, such as a diverse number of tepals i.e., 9, 12, 15, 18 or even 46, different depths of tepal color ranging from purple-red, red to pale red and even paler, close to white, various sizes and widths of tepals and leaves in trees, have been observed during field investigations of this species. Genetic diversity and genetic variation of 10 populations and subpopulations of Magnolia wufengensis, a new and endangered endemic species, were examined by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) molecular markers. Action for conserving this rare species for its long-term survival should be taken immediately
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