Abstract
A high-gain rectangular waveguide-fed aperture antenna that uses a Spidron fractal structure to produce circular polarization is proposed. The antenna consists of a Spidron fractal aperture etched onto the ground plane of a dielectric substrate that is directly excited by a WR (Waveguide Rectangular)-90 waveguide-to-coax adapter. A superstrate was implemented at an appropriate distance above the antenna to enhance the broadside gain significantly. An antenna prototype was fabricated and tested to validate the design. The measured impedance bandwidth for | S 11 | ≤ −10 dB is 9.89–11.58 GHz (15.74%). The corresponding measured 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is 10.68–11.00 GHz (2.95%), and within the measured 3 dB AR bandwidth, a maximum realized gain of 9.59 dBic is achieved. The radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are presented and discussed.
Highlights
Rectangular aperture antennas with a waveguide feeder are widely utilized in satellite communications and radar systems
We present the design of a rectangular waveguide-fed circularly polarized (CP) Spidron fractal aperture antenna incorporated with a superstrate to achieve high gain performance
To realize the high-gain characteristics, a superstrate was applied at an appropriate distance above the antenna
Summary
Rectangular aperture antennas with a waveguide feeder are widely utilized in satellite communications and radar systems. These antennas can be flush-mounted onto the surfaces of aircraft or spacecraft, and their openings can be covered with a dielectric material to prevent exposure to environmental conditions that would otherwise cause them damage. It has been found [1] that instead of using an open-ended waveguide, resonant apertures should be used to attain a lower reflection coefficient. It is of interest to design waveguide-fed fractal aperture antennas with circular polarization
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