High-Fat Diets-Induced Metabolic Disorders to Study Molecular Mechanism of Hyperlipidemia in Rats

Harfi Maulana,Ahmad Ridwan

doi:10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.5

Harfi Maulana, Ahmad Ridwan

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5614/3bio.2021.3.2.5

Copy DOI

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder occurring due to consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD), which contributes to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease development. HFD causes metabolic problems in Rodentia animals like human metabolic abnormalities, making it a popular model for studying the signaling systems involved. Hyperlipidemia is a condition in which the body's cholesterol levels elevate. In recent years, several studies have investigated the relationship between HFD feeding and hyperlipidemia and signaling pathways involved in cholesterol homeostasis. However, this signaling mechanism in lipid metabolism has not been fully explained, so additional analysis is needed. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism that occurs from hyperlipidemia due to HFD feeding. The method used is a literature review approach following the PRISMA scheme for selecting the primary literature, including identification, screening, eligibility test, and inclusion. Eleven articles included primary literature with credibility (H-index) of 20, 33, 71, 92, 93, 162, 180, 192, and 332 (six articles from Q1 journals and five from Q2 journals). Long-term administration of HFD directly affects lipid metabolism, including an increase in the concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and a decrease in HDL concentration, followed by an increase in body weight. In addition, HFD also disrupts adipose tissue and insulin resistance. The conclusion of this study is that HFD can cause hyperlipidemia either directly or indirectly by inducing insulin resistance, which contributes to lipid metabolism disorders.

Highlights

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities that include hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]
Previous studies showed that long-term high-fat diet (HFD) feeding could significantly increase the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), TG, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and VLDL-C compared to the control group, while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased [12,13]
HFD is metabolized in the liver and can accelerate De Novo lipogenesis and lipoprotein levels

Summary

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities that include hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]. A lifestyle with high-energy consumption, lack of physical activity, stress, and anxiety with a relatively frequent frequency are factors that cause the development of obesity, atherosclerosis, and CVD [3,4]. Maulana & Ridwan term feeding of HFD is a metabolic disorder that leads to an increase in LDL deposits in the circulatory system, leading to the potential to be atherogenic and contribute to the development of CVD [10,11]. Previous studies showed that long-term HFD feeding could significantly increase the concentrations of TC, TG, LDL-C, and VLDL-C compared to the control group, while HDL-C decreased [12,13]. High-fat diet (HFD) greatly contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, obesity, and coronary heart disease (CHD) [3,18]

Research Method

High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolism Disorder

High Fat Diet Induces Lipid Metabolism Disorders

High-Fat Diet Induces Adipose Tissue Disorders

High-Fat Diet Induces Insulin Resistance

Conclusion