High expression of PU.1 is associated with Her-2 and shorter survival in patients with breast cancer.

Abstract

The transcription factor PU.1 was previously identified as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in different types of leukemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of PU.1 in breast cancer and to analyze its association with clinical features and prognosis. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine PU.1 expression in breast cancer tissue microarrays and paraffin-embedded sections. The association between PU.1 expression and clinicopathological factors was assessed by using chi-square test. The survival analysis of patients was conducted by using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests. Cox regression was utilized for univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors. The results indicated that the expression level of PU.1 protein in breast cancer samples was significantly higher compared with normal breast tissues (P=2.63×10-8). Furthermore, the level of PU.1 expression was detected to be positively associated with androgen receptor (P=0.027) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status (P=2.03×10-21) as well as molecular subtype (P=3.51×10-11). Furthermore, patients with negative PU.1 expression had longer OR compared with those with positive PU.1 expression (P=3.67×10-4). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that PU.1 expression level and tumor-node-metastasis stage were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (P=0.034 and P=0.018, respectively). Therefore, PU.1 protein expression may contribute to breast cancer progression and may be a valuable molecular marker to predict the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.