Abstract
The most common gynecologic cancers detected in women in Turkey are uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer. These data reported that a mean of 3800 individuals were diagnosed with uterine cancer, 2790 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer, and 1950 were diagnosed with cervical cancer, and 400 individuals were diagnosed with other gynecologic cancers each year in Turkey. A mean of 14.270 individuals were detected to have been diagnosed with gynecologic cancers each year in the United States of America (USA). Ovarian cancer treatment is generally composed of chemotherapy, and surgery. In general, chemotherapy is administered after surgery. The identification of the molecular pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, and discovery of new moleculer biomarkers which facilitate the ovarian cancer treatment are required for an effective ovarian cancer treatment in clinics. miRNAs are reported to be the possible biologic indicators for various cancer types. We aimed to investigate 2 miRNAs which were suggested to have effect in ovarian cancer in our (previous) monozygotic twin study from miR-1260 microRNA family whose association with ovarian cancer yet has not been reported in the literature. We investigated the expression levels of miR-1260a, and miR-1260b miRNAs, in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of 150 familial and sporadic ovarian cancer patients, and of 100 healthy individuals of the control group who were matched for age, sex, and ethnicity with the patient group, and investigated their possible property of being a biologic indicator for ovarian cancer. The expression results of ovarian cancer patients were evaluated by comparison of the results of the control group in the study. The expression levels of miR-1260a, and miR-1260b in ovarian cancer patients were found highly increased compared with the levels in the control group. miR-1260a expression level in ovarian cancer patients was detected to have increased approximately 17 fold compared with the control group, and miR-1260b expression level in ovarian cancer patients was detected to have increased approximately 33 fold compared with the levels in the control group. The String Analyses showed that the miR-1260a was associated with the ribosomal protein family which was known to be effective in the translation stage of cell and that miR-1260b was associated with CHEK2 protein which was a member of the serine/threonine-protein kinase family. It should be investigated for larger cohorts in benign ovarian diseases and in different stages of patients receiving ovarian cancer treatment whether these two molecules are a noninvasive biomarker and therapeutic target to be used especially in the early diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer in future.
Highlights
22.240 individuals were diagnosed with ovarian cancer in the United States of America (USA) in 2018, and 14.070 were reported to have died of ovarian cancer [1]
We investigated the expression levels of miR-1260a, and miR-1260b in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of ovarian cancer patients, and healthy controls in the present study in accordance with the evaluations recently suggesting that miRNAs had biologic indicator, and therapeutic target properties, and due to the lack of a sensitive and noninvasive biologic indicator for utilization in the early diagnosis, treatment and, follow-up of ovarian cancer, and these two molecules were evaluated whether they had noninvasive early biologic indicator properties for ovarian cancer
The calculations performed based on the 2-∆∆Ct values of the patient, and control groups with the evaluations using the ANOVA test showed that the miR-1260a, and miR-1260b expression levels were statistically significant in patient groups compared with the levels in the control groups (p:0.000)
Summary
22.240 individuals were diagnosed with ovarian cancer in the USA in 2018, and 14.070 were reported to have died of ovarian cancer [1]. 5% of women diagnosed with these cancers died of advanced stage disease [2, 3]. The rates in South America was 5.8 in 100.000, and the mean rate was 3 in 100.000 in Asia, and Africa [4, 5]. Ovarian cancer biology is different than the hematogenously metastating tumors because the ovarian cancer cells are invased into the peritoneal cavity. Ovarian carcinoma with a treatment rate of 30% is a fatal disease owing to the compression to the visceral organs of rapidly proliferation of tumors, and to the low chemosensitivity of the cells. Ovarian cancer tumorogenesis proceeds through a gradual mutation period from a gradually growing borderline tumor to a well-differentiated carcinoma (Type I) or through a genetically nonstable high degree serous carcinoma with rapid metastasis (Type II) [3]
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