Abstract
Abstract Three WO3 oxides with ReO3-, pyrochlore-, and hexagonal-type structures have been studied in nonreactive and reactive grinding conditions by high-energy ball milling. In nonreactive grinding conditions, pyrochlore- and hexagonal-type WO3 oxides amorphize by collapse of the oxide structure. Monoclinic WO3 cannot be amorphized in these experimental conditions: the effect of high-energy ball milling is to decrease the crystallite size to a limit value. In reactive grinding conditions WO3 + Cs2CO3 mixtures lead to the formation of a lacunar cubic pyrochlore-type cesium tungstate. The reaction kinetics are strongly influenced by the WO3 oxide structure and its behavior in nonreactive grinding. The mechanochemical reactivity is higher for monoclinic WO3 and seems to depend on the presence of intercrystallite boundaries rather than on the amorphous oxide phase.
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