Abstract
Highly efficient energy conversion of laser to high-energy components of ions and resulting rapid expansion take place upon the laser irradiation of clusters. Depending on the interrelationship between cluster size a and the electron excursion length ξe (which is related to the laser field amplitude), the expansion characteristics is categorized into the Coulomb explosion (a≪ξe) and alternative hydrodynamic ambipolar expansion (a≫ξe), revealing different features in the ion energy distribution. In the Coulomb explosion regime, a flat and/or slightly inverted ion energy distribution effective for enhanced fusion reactivity is generated. The critical cluster size and laser field amplitude which demarcate the expansion characteristics is investigated and the optimal fusion cross section is found in the domain of Coulomb explosion. A high fusion neutron yield is expected in the Coulomb explosion regime with greater cluster size and higher packing fraction.
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