High energy density spots and production of kink–antikink pairs in particle collisions

Abstract

Creation of solitons as kink–antikink pairs from particles is investigated, in the ϕ4 model. Particle-like states are simulated by two widely separated identical wave trains which are propagated toward collision point from both sides in a trivial background. The maximal energy density that can be achieved in the collisions of the particle-like wave trains is investigated numerically for different wave train parameters. Maximum energy and number of kink–antikink pairs created after the collision is calculated and the relation between them are studied. It is shown numerically that, if the number of created kink–antikink pairs are N, the maximal energy density should be at least equal to N2∕2.