Abstract
High energy density science (HEDS) addresses some of the most fundamental questions in contemporary research. Tabletop terawatt femtosecond lasers provide a robust platform for experiments in HEDS – on the one hand, they push the limits of ultrarapid excitation and on the other they provide a perfect complement to the experiments performed with high energy, longer pulse lasers. After a general introduction we consider results in a niche regime of these lasers, namely femtosecond dynamics. Specifically, we consider pump-probe experiments with relativistic intensity 30 fs, 10 Hz, 800 nm Ti: Sapphire laser pulses. The physical processes considered are the transport of hot electrons with their associated giant magnetic fields, the spatio-temporal evolution of these magnetic fields at target front and rear and ultrafast dynamics of the plasma critical surface.
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