High-Energy and High-Power-Density Potassium Ion Batteries Using Dihydrophenazine-Based Polymer as Active Cathode Material.

Abstract

Polymeric aromatic amines were shown to be very promising cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Surprisingly, these materials are scarcely used for designing post-lithium batteries. In this Letter, we investigate the application of the high-voltage poly(N-phenyl-5,10-dihydrophenazine) (p-DPPZ) cathodes for K-ion batteries. The designed batteries demonstrate an impressive specific capacity of 162 mAh g-1 at the current density of 200 mA g-1, operate efficiently at high current densities of 2-10 A g-1, enabling charge and discharge within ∼1-4 min, and deliver the specific capacity of 125-145 mAh g-1 with a retention of 96 and 79% after 100 and 1000 charge-discharge cycles, respectively. Finally, these K-ion batteries with polymeric p-DPPZ cathodes showed rather outstanding specific power of >3 × 104 W kg-1, thus paving a way to the design of ultrafast and durable high-capacity metal-ion batteries matching the increasing demand for highpower and highenergydensity electrochemical energystorage devices.