Abstract
Polyphosphazene, as a precursor, was synthesized by ultrasonication using 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP). It was carbonized and functionalized at high temperature to obtain carboxylic acid functionalized N, P co-doped carbon materials (denoted as NPCs-COOH). The structure of NPCs-COOH was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectrometry (Raman), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm (BET). The electrosorption properties were explored under different pH values, applied potentials, initial concentrations and contact time. The optimal pH for electrosorption was 5.0 while the equilibrium time was 30 min. The maximum electrosorption capacity from the experiments towards U(VI) was about 551.46 mg g−1 under the most suitable applied potential of 0.9 V, which was much higher than other carbon materials. Meanwhile, it also showed excellent recyclability with a 23.3% reduction of electrosorption capacity after six cycles. A plausible mechanism of electrosorption was presented using XPS analysis. The results showed the N, P co-doped NPCs-COOH can be used in the electrosorption field to remove U(VI) effectively in solution.
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