Abstract
Phosphorus oxide modified graphene was prepared by one-step electrochemical anodic exfoliation method and utilized as electrode in a redox supercapacitor that contained potassium iodide in electrolytes. The whole preparation process was completed in a few minutes and the yield was about 37.2%. The prepared sample has better electrocatalysis activity for I−/I−3 redox reaction than graphite due to the good charge transfer performance between phosphorus oxide and iodide ions. The maximum discharge specific capacitance is 1634.2 F/g when the current density is 3.5 mA/cm2 and it can keep at 463 F/g after 500 charging–discharging cycles when the current density increased about three times.
Highlights
In recent years, graphene and its composite materials have attracted great attention due to their excellent performance in various fields
We have presented that the potassium iodide (KI) is an effective active redox electrolyte to enhance the capacitance of SCs due to the redox reaction between pairs of 3I−/I−3, 2I−/I2, 2I−3/I2, I2/IO−3, etc. [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]
The oxidation process produced the P–O groups and the graphite was exfoliated into few-layer graphene, which possessed a platelet-like morphology (Figure 1c,d), with the promotion of water decomposition
Summary
Graphene and its composite materials have attracted great attention due to their excellent performance in various fields. To improve the electrochemical performance of graphene, introducing other active groups (–OH, –COOH, –NOx, and –POx) or heteroatoms, including O, P, N and B, into graphene is regarded as an effective way to adjust the electrochemical properties of graphene. Xu et al prepared P doped graphene via thermally annealing approach and the preparation time was more than 48 h [10] To overcome these drawbacks, it is necessary to use another fast and efficiency method to prepare P modified graphene material. The preparation of P or P–O group modified graphene through electrochemical approach is more advantageous than traditional methods
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