Abstract
For an effective grid integration of a large share of intermittent renewable energy sources such as a photovoltaic and a wind power, the flexible operation of the centralized or decentralized thermal power plants are required as a control reserve of demandsupply balance (frequency control). It is cleared that the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine (SOFC/GT) with additional air compressor system offers high efficiency in the wide range load operation. The efficiencyload ratio curve of the Gas Turbine Combined Cycle (GTCC) and SOFC/GT with air compressor system are applied to the secondary control reserve (SCR) operation units, and the daily schedule of power units in the modelled power grid is calculated. Since the efficiency at low load is high in SOFC/GT with air compressor system, the total fuel cost of the modelled power grid diminishes in the case that the SOFC/GT with air compressor system is operated at low load as a load frequency control (LFC) unit for the SCR.
Highlights
Since the power supply from renewable energy source such as a solar or a wind power has a fluctuation and an intermittency, the introduction of the large amount of renewable energy is expected to lead to a lack of frequency controllability and an excess power supply to an electricity grid
In high temperature fuel cell such as Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) systems, the efficiency at partial load operation should be considered with the relation between current density and operating temperature
When the SOFC is operated in the system, the cell temperature of SOFC decreases by heat loss during the partial load operation, the cell voltage drops in the partial load condition which is responsible to decrease the cell voltage
Summary
Since the power supply from renewable energy source such as a solar or a wind power has a fluctuation and an intermittency, the introduction of the large amount of renewable energy is expected to lead to a lack of frequency controllability and an excess power supply to an electricity grid. To stabilize the frequency and demandsupply balance (frequency) of the electricity grid, a load following operation at partial load is required for the thermal power plants, which is responsible for their low efficiency. As well as the attempts to upgrade the efficiency at rated power of thermal power plants, the efficiency improvement is required at partial load during the high share of renewable energies. Because the cell voltage of fuel cells is high at low current density conditions, the fuel cell power systems are believed to achieve high efficiency at partial load operation. In high temperature fuel cell such as Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) systems, the efficiency at partial load operation should be considered with the relation between current density and operating temperature.
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