High Efficiency In Vitro Wound Healing of Dictyophora indusiata Extracts via Anti-Inflammatory and Collagen Stimulating (MMP-2 Inhibition) Mechanisms.

Yasir Nazir,Yuthana Phimolsiripol,Pensak Jantrawut,Pichchapa Linsaenkart,Francisco J Barba,Sarana Rose Sommano,Salin Mingmalairak,Chiranan Khantham,Chaiwat Arjin,Chuda Chittasupho,Anchali Wongsa,Pornchai Rachtanapun,Houda Berrada,Tanakarn Chaitep,Warintorn Ruksiriwanich,Jiraporn Tocharus,Korawan Sringarm,Kittisak Jantanasakulwong

doi:10.3390/jof7121100

Yasir Nazir, Yuthana Phimolsiripol + Show 16 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7121100

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Abstract

Dictyophora indusiata or Phallus indusiatus is widely used as not only traditional medicine, functional foods, but also, skin care agents. Biological activities of the fruiting body from D. indusiata were widely reported, while the studies on the application of immature bamboo mushroom extracts were limited especially in the wound healing effect. Wound healing process composed of 4 stages including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. This study divided the egg stage of bamboo mushroom into 3 parts: peel and green mixture (PGW), core (CW), and whole mushroom (WW). Then, aqueous extracts were investigated for their nucleotide sequencing, biological compound contents, and wound healing effect. The anti-inflammatory determination via the levels of cytokine releasing from macrophages, and the collagen stimulation activity on fibroblasts by matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) inhibitory activity were determined to serve for the wound healing process promotion in the stage 2–4 (wound inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling of the skin). All D. indusiata extracts showed good antioxidant potential, significantly anti-inflammatory activity in the decreasing of the nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-1 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secretion from macrophage cells (p < 0.05), and the effective collagen stimulation via MMP-2 inhibition. In particular, CW extract containing high content of catechin (68.761 ± 0.010 mg/g extract) which could significantly suppress NO secretion (0.06 ± 0.02 µmol/L) better than the standard anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (0.12 ± 0.02 µmol/L) and their MMP-2 inhibition (41.33 ± 9.44%) was comparable to L-ascorbic acid (50.65 ± 2.53%). These findings support that CW of D. indusiata could be an essential natural active ingredient for skin wound healing pharmaceutical products.

Highlights

Mushroom is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds
The extracts of D. indusiata were divided into 3 types: peel and green mixture (PGW), core (CW), and whole mushroom (WW)
The normal human fibroblasts immortalized by hTRT (OUMS-36T-2)

Summary

Introduction

Mushroom is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. Edible mushroom is regularly being used as food, dietary supplements as well as cosmeceutical products such as anti-ageing, moisturizing, and skin lightening. Mushroom polysaccharides and polyphenol contents were involved in antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities [1,2]. Dictyophora indusiata or Phallus indusiatus or bamboo mushroom is a fungus belonging to the family Phallaceae. The bioactive compositions in immature and mature stages of this mushroom are different. The egg or immature mushroom produces viscous mucilage and high phenolic contents [3,4]. The mature stage of this mushroom contains many bioactive compounds, for example, polysaccharides, amino acids, terpenoids, and alkaloids [5,6]

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