Abstract
A novel layout of leaky-wave antennas based on tapered design has been proposed and investigated. The new tapered leaky-wave antenna (LWA) was designed running a simple procedure which uses an FDTD code, and using a suitable metal walls down the centerline along the length of the antenna connecting the conductor strip and the ground plane, which allows to use only half of the structure, the adoption of a simple feeding, and the reduction of sidelobes. The good performance of this new tapered microstrip LWA, with reference to conventional uniform microstrip LWAs, is mainly the wider band of 33% for VSWR<2, higher gain (12 dBi), and higher efficiency (up to 85%). Furthermore, from the theoretical analysis we can see that, decreasing the relative dielectric constant of the substrate, the bandwidth of the leaky-wave antenna becomes much wider, improving its performance.
Highlights
Progress in the recent years has been obtained on the development of leaky-wave antennas based on the higher order mode of microstip [1, 2]
A tapered steps microstip LWA, in which each step can irradiate in subsequent ranges of frequency, is a possible solution to obtain a fixed mainbeam LWA [3]
(at 8 GHz) of the half LWA (Type III), compared to the simulated return loss and the simulated E-field pattern plotted in Figures 12 and 13, show a good agreement. These results indicate a high performance of antenna Type III (33% for Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) < 2, high antenna efficiency, and high power gain) compared with uniforms LWAs (20% for VSWR, peck power gain up to 10 dBi) as mentioned in [8]
Summary
Progress in the recent years has been obtained on the development of leaky-wave antennas based on the higher order mode of microstip [1, 2]. A tapered steps microstip LWA, in which each step can irradiate in subsequent ranges of frequency, is a possible solution to obtain a fixed mainbeam LWA [3] In this antenna the impedance mismatch between subsequent steps reduces the bandwidth, the excitation of higher order mode without dominant mode perturbation requires more elaborate feeding scheme. A curved design of tapered antennas with a physical grounding structure along the length of the antenna allows to reduce the impedance mismatch, suppressing the dominant mode (bound mode). This solution improves the band the gain, the efficiency, and simplifies its feeding. We have proposed such new curve tapered LWA as discussed
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