High efficiency 3-D printed microchannel polymer heat exchangers for air conditioning applications

Abstract

The design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of a counterflow Micro-pin array Polymer Heat eXchanger (MPHX) for HVAC applications is described. The design consists of water flow through microscale pin array plates, and airflow paths in a counterflow direction through adjacent rectangular channels. When compared to a Finned Tube Heat eXchanger (FTHX), the water plates take the place of fins and the crossflow tube bank is eliminated. The MPHX is fabricated by 3 D printing using a digital light synthesis method. A correlation-based model is developed and used to explore the parametric space to arrive at a baseline MPHX core geometry. Mechanical and fluidic simulations are performed on the baseline geometry to further develop the design. A sub-scale MPHX with a nominal cross duct area of 10.1 cm × 20.3 cm is designed and fabricated. Its thermal performance over a range of air and water flow rates corresponding to heat capacity rate ratios in the range of 0.25–1 is investigated. Results show that the effectiveness varies from 0.65 to 0.95 corresponding to a of 1 to 0.25. The experimental data are used to validate a correlation-based thermo-fluidic model of the MPHX. The validated model is further used to compare the performance advantages of the MPHX design over a FTHX. For a given heat exchanger volume and thermo-fluidic conditions, the MPHX transfers 55% more thermal energy when compared to a FTHX at comparable air-side pressure drops.