High Ductile Medium Mn Lightweight Alloy: The Role of Intensive Quenching and Deep Cryogenic Treatment

Abstract

Medium Mn lightweight steels with a relatively higher Mn content of 9–12 wt% have been actively developed recently to meet the demands of crashworthiness and lightweight vehicles. In this study, a combined intensive quenching (IQ) and deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) was first proposed to achieve the microstructural homogeneity as well as the final strength–ductility synergy of medium Mn lightweight steels with Mn segregation bands, together with a comparison with the conventional intercritical annealing. The proposed IQ and DCT process induced the formation of finer large fractioned plate-like martensite in the austenite matrix and thereby contributed to finer and uniform austenite grains after subsequent intercritical annealing. The martensitic transformation rate (dVγ/dε) and transformation kinetics (k value) were used to evaluate the mechanical stability of retained austenite, showing that the D700&750 sample exhibited a similar dVγ/dε value and extremely low k value when compared to the conventional IA650–850 samples, implying that the former had the higher mechanical stability of austenite. The higher mechanical stability of austenite enabled the TRIP effect to occur in a larger strain range, leading to continuous strain hardening behavior. Thus, the highest yield strength (728 MPa) and the largest total elongation of 61.6% were achieved in the D700&750 sample, where the ductility was more than three times higher than that of the conventional IA samples. The grain size and morphologies of retained austenite were believed to be the main factors influencing the strain-hardening behavior of this type of ultrafine lamellar and equiaxed ferrite and austenite duplex structure.