Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a high-fructose diet on cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related parameters in growing rats. Three-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups; a regular diet group (RD: fed regular diet based on AIN-93G, n = 8), a high-fructose diet group (30Frc: fed regular diet with 30% fructose, n = 8), a high-fat diet group (45Fat: fed regular diet with 45 kcal% fat, n = 8) or a high fructose with high-fat diet group (30Frc + 45Fat, fed diet 30% fructose with 45 kcal% fat, n = 8). After an eight-week treatment period, the body weight, total-fat weight, serum glucose, insulin, lipid profiles and pro-inflammatory cytokines, abdominal aortic wall thickness, and expressions of eNOS and ET-1 mRNA were analyzed. The result showed that total-fat weight was higher in the 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups compared to the RD group (p < 0.05). Serum triglyceride (TG) levels were highest in the 30Frc group than the other groups (p < 0.05). The abdominal aorta of 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups had higher wall thickness than the RD group (p < 0.05). Abdominal aortic eNOS mRNA level was decreased in 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups compared to the RD group (p < 0.05), and also 45Fat and 30Frc + 45Fat groups had decreased mRNA expression of eNOS compared to the 30Frc group (p < 0.05). ET-1 mRNA level was higher in 30Frc, 45Fat, and 30Frc + 45Fat groups than the RD group (p < 0.05). Both high fructose consumption and high fat consumption in growing rats had similar negative effects on CVD-related parameters.
Highlights
Sugar-sweetened beverages and processed foods are the main source of fructose [1]
After a 10-day adaption period, animals were randomized selected into the four different groups: regular diet group (RD) (n = 8) rats were fed an AIN-93G (D10012G, Research Diets Inc., New Brunswick, NJ, USA) diet, high fructose diet group (30Frc) (n = 8) rats were fed a 30% fructose (D14010101, Research Diets Inc.) diet, high fat diet group (45Fat) (n = 8) rats were fed a 45 kcal%
The present dietweight in growing rats present study showed that the consumption of a high‐fat study showed increased that the body consumption of body a high-fat diet
Summary
Sugar-sweetened beverages and processed foods are the main source of fructose [1]. According toThe Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) [2], consumption of beverage products increased 3.7 folds from 1998 (45.5 ± 2.0 g) to 2014 (167.4 ± 5.2 g). Sugar-sweetened beverages and processed foods are the main source of fructose [1]. Based on data collected from a 2010 study from The Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) [3], consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and processed foods in adolescents were higher than in the adult group. Et al [9] reported that rats fed with water containing high fructose corn syrup for eight weeks had increased body weight and body fat, and Crescenzo et al [10] showed significant increases in body fat in rats that consumed fructose for eight weeks, with no significant difference in body weight. These observations are important because accumulation of body fats leads to an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, PAI-1) [11]
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