High detection rate of dog circovirus in diarrheal dogs.

Han-Siang Hsu,Lee-Shuan Lin,Ming-Tang Chiou,Ting-Han Lin,Chao-Nan Lin,Hung-Yi Wu,Cheng-Shu Chung

doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0722-8

Abstract

BackgroundDiarrhea is one of the most common clinical symptoms reported in companion animal clinics. Dog circovirus (DogCV) is a new mammalian circovirus that is considered to be a cause of alimentary syndromes such as diarrhea, vomiting and hemorrhagic enteritis. DogCV has previously only been identified in the United States, Italy, Germany (GeneBank accession number: KF887949) and China (GeneBank accession number: KT946839). Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of DogCV in Taiwan and to explore the correlation between diarrhea and DogCV infection. Clinical specimens were collected between 2012 and 2014 from 207 dogs suffering from diarrhea and 160 healthy dogs.ResultsIn this study, we developed a sensitive and specific SYBR Green-based real-time PCR assays to detected DogCV in naturally infected animals. Of the analyzed fecal samples from diarrheal dogs and health dogs, 58 (28.0 %) and 19 (11.9 %), respectively, were DogCV positive. The difference in DogCV prevalence was highly significant (P = 0.0002755) in diarrheal dogs.ConclusionsThis is the first study to reveal that DogCV is currently circulating in domestic dogs in Taiwan and to demonstrate its high detection rate in dogs with diarrhea.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0722-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

Diarrhea is one of the most common clinical symptoms reported in companion animal clinics
According to Dr Baneux’ recommendations “Privately owned animals that are recruited for clinical studies do not need to be subjected to Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) oversight as long as their involvement includes only procedures that are consistent with the standard of care provided to patients with the same diagnosis that are not included in the clinical study” [7]
To ensure the diarrhea only results from Dog circovirus (DogCV) infection, fecal samples taken from diarrheal dogs were tested for canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), canine coronavirus (CCV), giardia (CPV/CCV/ Giardia Ag Test Kit, BIONOTE, Republic of Korea) and canine distemper virus (CDV) (CDV Ag Test Kit, BIONOTE, Republic of Korea)

Summary

Introduction

Diarrhea is one of the most common clinical symptoms reported in companion animal clinics. Gastrointestinal disorders are one of the most common diseases reported in companion animal clinics. They can be caused by a number of viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens. The most common viral gastrointestinalpathogens are canine parvovirus [1, 2] and coronavirus Other agents, such as dog circovirus (DogCV), have recently been considered to be related to enteric disorders in dogs [3, 4]. DogCV is a nonenveloped, circular, single-stranded DNA virus containing a circular genome approximately 2 kb in length. It belongs to the genus Circovirus, together with porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1), porcine circovirus type 2

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