Abstract
Twelve subjects (6 women, 6 men) were given 120 g fat orally for 2 h to study its effect on serum high density lipoproteins (HDL), HDL subtractions and apoproteins A-I and A-II. In addition, we measured the fasting activity of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL). The HDL 2 mass concentration increased significantly in women (216 ± 10 vs 232 ± 12 mg/dl, P < 0.01) but not in men (114 ± 10 vs 119 ± 11 mg/dl, NS). The changes of the HDL 2 mass in women were due to significant increases of phospholipids, and both apoproteins A-I and A-II. In men, only HDL 2 phospholipids rose slightly. The HDL 2 cholesterol remained unchanged postprandially. Both fasting and maximal postprandial concentrations of HDL 2 correlated positively with adipose tissue LPL activity ( r = + 0.63, P < 0.05 and r = + 0.61, P < 0.05). The concentration of HDL 3 remained unchanged postprandially but compositional changes were observed. Thus, the HDL 3 phospholipids increased slightly in both sexes whereas the HDL 3 cholesterol esters fell significantly. The postprandial changes of HDL 2 and HDL 3 phospholipids were evident in both zonal ultracentrifugation and equilibrium ultracentrifugation. In addition, 5 women received intragastric fat infusions with or without extra soya phospholipids, lecithin. The HDL 2 mass concentration increased after both infusions. In 4 of the 5 subjects the overall increment of the HDL 2 phospholipids was larger after the phospholipid-rich emulsion than after phospholipid-poor one. This difference was obvious in zonal profile of HDL subfractions which revealed also a slight increase of HDL 3 phospholipids after both infusions. In conclusion, the response of HDL 2 to fat meal is more pronounced in women than in men and it seems to be dependent on fasting LPL activity which is higher in women than in men. Further, the alterations in postprandial composition of HDL subfractions can be modified by the composition of fat meal.
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