High-density linkage map reveals QTL for Type-I seed coat cracking in RIL population of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Beom Kyu Kang,Hong Sik Kim,Hyun Tae Kim,Hyun Jo,Jae Hyeon Oh,Jeong Hyun Seo,Krishnanand P Kulkarni,In Youl Baek,Sang Ouk Shin,Ji Hee Park,Man Soo Choi,Sanjeev K Dhungana,Jeong Dong Lee

doi:10.1007/s10681-020-02684-w

Beom Kyu Kang, Hong Sik Kim + Show 11 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-020-02684-w

Copy DOI

Abstract

Seed coat cracking (SCC), particularly the Type-I irregular cracking, is critical in determining the quality of appearance and commercial value of soybean seeds. The objective of this study was to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for SCC with high-density genetic map. One hundred sixty-seven recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between Uram (SCC-resistant) and Chamol (SCC-susceptible) were evaluated for SCC over 2 years (2016–2017). The QTL analysis identified 12 QTLs located on chromosomes 2 (D1b), 6 (C2), 8 (A2), 9 (K), 10 (O), 12 (H), 19 (L), and 20 (I). Out of the 12 QTLs, qSC2-1, qSC9, SC10-1, qSC10-2, and qSC12 were novel QTLs and the other seven QTLs (qSC2-2, qSC2-3, qSC6, qSC8, qSC19-1, qSC19-2, and qSC20) were found to co-localize with the previously identified QTLs. The mean SCC of the RILs of early maturity group was significantly higher than that of the late maturity group, suggesting an association between SCC and maturity loci. In addition, although 10 QTLs were distantly located from the maturity loci (E1, E3, E4, E7, and E10), qSC10-1 and qSC10-2 co-localized with the maturity loci E2. The results obtained in this study provide useful genetic information on SCC which could be used in the SCC breeding programs.

Highlights

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the major field crops cultivated globally
The Seed coat cracking (SCC) can be classified into two types: Type-I is the irregular cracking on seed coat, whereas Type-II is the net-like cracking on seed coat (Liu 1949)
The SCC of the parental cultivars and the recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population was measured in two-year environments, and ANOVA was used to analyze genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interaction (G 9 E) effects on the SCC variation (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the major field crops cultivated globally. Because of plentiful protein and oil contents in soybean seed, it is used for diverse purposes such as food, feed, fuel, and other industrial usages (Masuda and Goldsmith 2009). The quality of soybean seed appearance is considered as an important factor for commercial value. Seed coat cracking (SCC) is one of the critical traits in determining the visual quality of seed. SCC decreases seed germination and emergence when seeds are planted (Yaklich and Barla-Szabo 1993). The SCC can be classified into two types: Type-I is the irregular cracking on seed coat, whereas Type-II is the net-like cracking on seed coat (Liu 1949). Type-II seeds are produced and sold, sometimes, in local markets because of the unique seed coat patterns, while Type-I seeds have a significantly decreased commercial value due to the irregular cracking

Objectives

Results

Conclusion