Abstract
Plants of the Dendrobium genus are orchids with not only ornamental value but also high medicinal value. To understand the genetic basis of variations in active ingredients of the stem total polysaccharide contents (STPCs) among different Dendrobium species, it is of paramount importance to understand the mechanism of STPC formation and identify genes affecting its process at the whole genome level. Here, we report the first high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) integrated genetic map with a good genome coverage of Dendrobium. The specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) technology led to identification of 7,013,400 SNPs from 1,503,626 high-quality SLAF markers from two parents (Dendrobium moniliforme ♀ × Dendrobium officinale ♂) and their interspecific F1 hybrid population. The final genetic map contained 8, 573 SLAF markers, covering 19 linkage groups (LGs). This genetic map spanned a length of 2,737.49 cM, where the average distance between markers is 0.32 cM. In total, 5 quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to STPC were identified, 3 of which have candidate genes within the confidence intervals of these stable QTLs based on the D. officinale genome sequence. This study will build a foundation up for the mapping of other medicinal-related traits and provide an important reference for the molecular breeding of these Chinese herb.
Highlights
Species of the orchid genus Dendrobium are among the herbs that have been used in traditional Chinese medicine in China and many other Asian countries for centuries
Modern pharmacological studies have shown that several active ingredients of polysaccharides, alkaloids, flavones, phenols, and benzyl compounds in Dendrobium have important medicinal effects (Tian et al, 2015; Huang et al, 2016)
We selected D. officinale and D. moniliforme from the section Dendrobium as parental materials, and both species contain the same number of chromosomes (2n = 38) (Cheng, 1985)
Summary
Species of the orchid genus Dendrobium are among the herbs that have been used in traditional Chinese medicine in China and many other Asian countries for centuries. There are 74 species of Dendrobium mainly distributed in the southern Tsinling Mountains of China (Tsi et al, 1999). Modern pharmacological studies have shown that several active ingredients of polysaccharides, alkaloids, flavones, phenols, and benzyl compounds in Dendrobium have important medicinal effects (Tian et al, 2015; Huang et al, 2016). As the main active ingredients in the stem, total water-soluble polysaccharides, have been demonstrated to show prominent bioactivities (Luo et al, 2008; Meng et al, 2013). Breeding cultivars with a higher stem total polysaccharide content (STPC) is one of the main objectives in the Dendrobium industry
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