Abstract
Few reports exist on QTL mapping of the important economic traits of hawthorn. We hybridized the cultivars ‘Shandongdamianqiu’ (female parent) and ‘Xinbinruanzi’ (male parent), and 130 F1 individuals and the two parents were used for RAD-seq, SNP development, and high-density linkage map construction. Three genetic maps were obtained, one for each of the parents and an integrated one. In these three maps, 17 linkage groups were constructed. The female and male parent maps contained 2657 and 4088 SNP markers, respectively, and had genetic distances of 2689.65 and 2558.41 cM, respectively, whereas the integrated map was 2470.02 cM, and contained 6,384 SNP markers. QTL mapping based on six agronomic traits, namely fruit transverse diameter, vertical diameter, single fruit weight, pericarp brittleness, pericarp puncture hardness, and average sarcocarp firmness were conducted, and 25 QTLs were detected in seven linkage groups. Explained phenotypic variation rate ranged from 17.7% to 35%. This genetic map contains the largest number of molecular markers ever obtained from hawthorn and will provide an important future reference for fine QTL mapping of economic traits and molecular assisted selection of hawthorn.
Highlights
Hawthorn (Crataegus spp., 2n = 2X = 34), belongs to the Rosaceae family and is mainly distributed in North America, Europe, Asia and other temperate regions of the northern hemisphere [1]
The average value of hybrid offspring fruit transverse diameter (TD), vertical diameter (VD) and pericarp brittleness (PB) were 20.52mm, 18.47mm and 1.13mm, the minimum value were 15.27mm, 15.11mm and 0.86mm, the maximum value were 24.69mm, 22.75mm and 1.57mm; The value of single fruit weight (SFW) was ranged from 1.99g to 7.35g, and the average value was 4.11g; the value of fruit pericarp puncture hardness (PPH) and average sarcocarp firmness (ASF) were ranged from 2.47N to 11.84N and 0.03N to 8.18N, with the average value of 5.98N and 2.53N
There was no significant correlation between average sarcocarp hardness, SFW and fruit VD
Summary
Hawthorn (Crataegus spp., 2n = 2X = 34), belongs to the Rosaceae family and is mainly distributed in North America, Europe, Asia and other temperate regions of the northern hemisphere [1]. China is one of the centers of origin of hawthorn berry-trees, and the species are widely cultivated in the provinces of ‘Shandong,’ ‘Shanxi,’ ‘Liaoning,’ and ‘Hebei’. Hawthorn is a typical edible and medicinal plant [2,3] with important value both as table fruit and in processing. Hawthorn berries contain a variety of essential nutrients and micronutrients; to date, more than 150 distinct compounds have been detected, which is of great value for product development and research [4,5,6,7,8]. As an important index of fruit quality, fruit appearance and texture directly affect the nature of the fruit as a market commodity and its storability.
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