High-Deductible Health Plans: Implications for Substance Use Treatment.

Abstract

To examine whether high-deductible health plans are related to patient complexity, health services use, and medical care costs among substance use treatment patients. Electronic health record data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California; 2007-2011. Retrospective analysis of electronic health record data of substance use treatment patients (N=31,001). We examined relationship of patient demographics, health comorbidities, and services use and cost to deductible level: none, low ($1-$999), and high (≥$1,000). Demographic, membership, diagnostic, and utilization data were merged with cost data. Utilization and costs were summarized into 6-month intervals. Generalized estimation methods for repeated measures with logistic, Poisson, and linear regression were used. Substance use patients with deductible plans were younger and had less comorbidity than those without deductibles. Patients with high deductibles had lower emergency room and hospital use 12- to 6-month pretreatment, but rates became similar to other groups in the 6months immediately prior to treatment; treatment costs were similar. Immediately prior to entering treatment, substance use patients with and without high deductibles have similar patterns of health services utilization. We discuss implications for health policy and treatment, particularly in an era of health reform.