Abstract
Holography is a promising approach to implement the three-dimensional (3D) projection beyond the present two-dimensional technology. True 3D holography requires abilities of arbitrary 3D volume projection with high-axial resolution and independent control of all 3D voxels. However, it has been challenging to implement the true 3D holography with high-reconstruction quality due to the speckle. Here, we propose the practical solution to realize speckle-free, high-contrast, true 3D holography by combining random-phase, temporal multiplexing, binary holography, and binary optimization. We adopt the random phase for the true 3D implementation to achieve the maximum axial resolution with fully independent control of the 3D voxels. We develop the high-performance binary hologram optimization framework to minimize the binary quantization noise, which provides accurate and high-contrast reconstructions for 2D as well as 3D cases. Utilizing the fast operation of binary modulation, the full-color high-framerate holographic video projection is realized while the speckle noise of random phase is overcome by temporal multiplexing. Our high-quality true 3D holography is experimentally verified by projecting multiple arbitrary dense images simultaneously. The proposed method can be adopted in various applications of holography, where we show additional demonstration that realistic true 3D hologram in VR and AR near-eye displays. The realization will open a new path towards the next generation of holography.
Highlights
Holography can reproduce the arbitrary 3D volume from the linear superposition of Fresnel zone plate patterns, if the phase of 3D points is defined to some specific distribution, it is limited to control the complex-valued holographic 3D points independently
We report an unprecedented realization of speckle-free, high-contrast, true 3D holography supporting dynamic video through the development of the binary optimization framework
We relocate the time sequence for the binary operation, which corresponds to the 1 bit × 3 colors × 50 Hz × 24 temporal multiplexing (TM)
Summary
Holography can reproduce the arbitrary 3D volume from the linear superposition of Fresnel zone plate patterns, if the phase of 3D points is defined to some specific distribution, it is limited to control the complex-valued holographic 3D points independently. The speckle noise from the random phase severely hampers reconstructed images quality, so that the previous works on true 3D projection are limited to sparse images such as dots or letters, or noisy images[7,8]. Until today, it remains as an unsolved challenge for holography to achieve high-contrast, speckle-free, and true 3D projection s imultaneously[9]. Decreasing coherency of the light source (e.g., LED) is one available approach to mitigate the speckle, but it sacrifices overall depth range and spatial resolution[11,12] Another method is sampling reconstructed image considering the size of voxel’s area to avoid interference between adjacent voxels, which suffers the loss of spatial resolution and the light e fficiency[13,14]. With the powerful performance of our true 3D holography, we verify the ability to provide realistic 3D hologram, showing high correspondence with rendered 3D scenes in virtual reality (VR) and real objects in augmented reality (AR)
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