Abstract
A label-free optical biosensor is described that employs a silicon-based high-contrast grating (HCG) resonator with a spectral linewidth of ~500 pm that is sensitive to ligand-induced changes in surface properties. The device is used to generate thermodynamic and kinetic data on surface-attached antibodies with their respective antigens. The device can detect serum cardiac troponin I, a biomarker of cardiac disease to 100 pg/ml within 4 mins, which is faster, and as sensitive as current enzyme-linked immuno-assays for cTnI.
Highlights
Point of care devices (POC) offer advantages over conventional technologies for biomarker detection including cost and speed, while requiring smaller amounts of sample and reagents
The high-contrast grating (HCG) is formed from an ultra-thin layer of a silicon grating surrounded by a material of low refractive index
Resonance is established inside the grating layer with the air/Si and Si/oxide interfaces acting as cavity boundaries
Summary
Point of care devices (POC) offer advantages over conventional technologies for biomarker detection including cost and speed, while requiring smaller amounts of sample and reagents. Label-free optical sensing techniques have been described for POC devices including those that detect specific biomarkers using surface plasmon resonance[7,8], photonic crystals[9,10], integrated micro-cavities[11,12], and metal nanohole arrays[13]. These devices allow for sensitive detection of target biomarkers, they are produced by expensive e-beam lithography and have limited utility for remote testing owing to the need for exact optical alignments that are usually carried out by specialized technicians. Standard silicon optical lithography and etching technique (see Method) that can accommodate 96-well, 384-well or 1536-well formats that may be suitable for high-throughput screening applications
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