Abstract
Data hiding in videos has been a big concern as their rich redundancy can be used for embedding a lot of secret information. Further, as high efficiency video coding (HEVC) introduces many innovative technologies compared with the previous standard, H.264, it has gradually become the mainstream. Therefore, it is valuable to develop new information hiding algorithms by using novel features of HEVC. A HEVC video data hiding algorithm based on prediction unit (PU) partition modes from inter prediction process is proposed in this paper. Firstly, code units (CUs) in two sizes of 8 × 8 and 16 × 16 are selected for embedding, then the PU partition modes in these CUs are coded by a spatial coding method. After that, two specific hiding algorithms by modifying coded PU partition modes in CUs of 8 × 8 and 16 × 16 are proposed, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has achieved excellent performance with high visual quality, and high embedding capacity and low bitrate increase in both high- and low-resolution videos compressed with different quantization parameters (QPs). Compared with the state-of-the-art work, the proposed algorithm achieves a much higher capacity while keeping quite high visual quality with little increase of bitrate.
Highlights
Information hiding is one of the research hotspots in the field of information security
The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of modified video sequences is nearly the same as that of the clean ones compressed without information hiding, which is the notable advantage of these kinds of hiding algorithms compared to other algorithms based on transform domain or intra prediction mode
Equal importance should be given to deciding the number S for exploiting modification direction (EMD) coding of prediction unit (PU) partition modes, because there exist eight possible PU partition modes in 16 × 16 code units (CUs), but only four in 8 × 8 CUs
Summary
Information hiding is one of the research hotspots in the field of information security. The PSNR of modified video sequences is nearly the same as that of the clean ones compressed without information hiding, which is the notable advantage of these kinds of hiding algorithms compared to other algorithms based on transform domain or intra prediction mode. Motivated by the advantage of high visual quality and disadvantage by the low capacity of these kinds of hiding algorithms, a novel data hiding algorithm based on the space coding of PU partition modes in the inter prediction mode is proposed. By modifying the PU partition modes for embedding secret data, the proposed algorithm has greatly improved the capacity while keeping high visual quality with little increase of bitrate.
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