Abstract
Multi-colored, water soluble fluorescent carbon nanodots (C-Dots) with quantum yield changing from 4.6 to 18.3% were synthesized in multi-gram using dated cola beverage through a simple thermal synthesis method and implemented as conductive and ion donating supercapacitor component. Various properties of C-Dots, including size, crystal structure, morphology and surface properties along with their Raman and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra were analyzed and compared by means of their fluorescence and electronic properties. α-Manganese Oxide-Polypyrrole (PPy) nanorods decorated with C-Dots were further conducted as anode materials in a supercapacitor. Reduced graphene oxide was used as cathode along with the dicationic bis-imidazolium based ionic liquid in order to enhance the charge transfer and wetting capacity of electrode surfaces. For this purpose, we used octyl-bis(3-methylimidazolium)diiodide (C8H16BImI) synthesized by N-alkylation reaction as liquid ionic membrane electrolyte. Paramagnetic resonance and impedance spectroscopy have been undertaken in order to understand the origin of the performance of hybrid capacitor in more depth. In particular, we obtained high capacitance value (C = 17.3 μF/cm2) which is exceptionally related not only the quality of synthesis but also the choice of electrode and electrolyte materials. Moreover, each component used in the construction of the hybrid supercapacitor is also played a key role to achieve high capacitance value.
Highlights
Values can be achieved together with reversible charging/discharging ability[19]
Heterostructured electrodes consist of carbon and other nanomaterials with transition metal oxides (e.g., RuO2, IrO2, MnO2, NiO, V2O5, Co3O4 and NiCo2O4) were found to be effective to increase the specific capacitance by appending a high pseudo-capacitance attributed to their multiple valence state changes[9, 12, 22, 23]
A novel hybrid supercapacitor constructed using α-MnO2 nanorods decorated with carbon nanodots (C-Dots) synthesized from degassed Cola-drink and Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as electrode material along with a special type of ionic liquid membrane (C8H16BImI) as electrolyte were introduced as a model and its electrical properties were characterized
Summary
Synthesis and Fluorescent Properties of Carbon Dots. Cola drinks are popular gaseous beverages which are rich in sugar, fructose/glucose syrup, carbon dioxide, caramel, phosphoric acid, caramel, caffeine and some other natural aroma[58]. Thermal synthesis methods used for C-Dot preparation are simple and cost efficient they mostly show low synthesis efficiency below 50% with a carbonated bulky waste[59, 60]. The fluorescence efficiency of carbon dots are upregulated by use of passivating agents such as polymers, polypeptides and polysaccharides[61]. We reported the synthesis of water-soluble multi-color fluorescent C-Dots using dated Cola drink as starting material following thermal synthesis method (see the Experimental Section for details) devoiding the use of any additional passivating agent. Note that we have some attempts at different temperatures to produce C-Dots.
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