High blood pressure six weeks postpartum after hypertensive pregnancy disorders at term is associated with chronic hypertension.

Abstract

Hypertension in pregnancy is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. Blood pressure monitoring in women who experienced hypertension in pregnancy after puerperium has been suggested to be important for early detection and prevention of CVD. The aim of this study is to evaluate if hypertension six weeks postpartum is associated with chronic hypertension in women with a history of term hypertensive pregnancy disorders. Women with a history of term gestational hypertension or preeclampsia were included in a follow up study of the HYPITAT trial. Blood pressures were measured six weeks and 2.5years postpartum according to the study protocol. Hypertension was defined as a diastolic blood pressure ⩾90mmHg and/or a systolic blood pressure ⩾140mmHg or use of antihypertensive medication. Differences in categorical variables between groups were analyzed by Chi-Square tests. Blood pressure was analyzed using unpaired t-tests and Wilcox ranked tests. Among 187 women who had term hypertensive pregnancy disorders, 75 (40%) had hypertension at six weeks postpartum. Of these 46 (61%) had hypertension 2.5years postpartum. In contrast, of 112 women without hypertension at six weeks postpartum, 36 (32%) had hypertension 2.5years (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.8-6.2). Among 61% of women who had hypertensive pregnancy disorders at term, high blood pressure at six weeks postpartum indicated chronic hypertension. This warrants the importance of identification of hypertension 6weeks postpartum for women's future health.