HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS

Abstract

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension often coexisted in type 2 diabetes patients. Hypertension is often present at the time of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Our study aim to evaluate the prevalence of arterial hypertension in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics and to evaluate the comorbidities associated with hypertension at the time of diagnosis of diabetes. Design and method: Is a prospective study based on 126 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics, 66 men, and 60 women, aged 45 to 70, hospitalized in Internal Medicine. Blood pressure is taken in consultation according to the recommendations of the ESH, based at least in two consecutive consultations. All patients underwent the assessment of the impact on the target organs, as well as a systematic evaluation for micro and macro-vascular complications. Results: At the time of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of arterial hypertension is 56.2%. The patients were already followed for arterial hypertension in 24% of the cases, among them, only 11% considered for therapeutic objectives, and 3% presented with ketosis. Hypertensive diabetics are on average 61.2 years old and have metabolic syndrome in 81.1%. Women are more obese and have a significantly higher waist circumference. Men have higher blood sugar, lower HDL, higher coronary risk, and more frequently present with albuminuria. The level of blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic, rises significantly with the number of metabolic syndrome criteria, and the number of cardiovascular risk factors. We find microangiopathy in 59.1% of cases, and cardiovascular disease in 65.2% of cases. The association of microangiopathy with cardiovascular disease is significantly more frequent in hypertensive diabetics than in non-hypertensives (58% vs 31%, p = 0.005). Conclusions: High blood pressure is very prevalent in newly diagnosed diabetics. The hypertensive diabetic has a higher degree of morbidity, and presents a cardiometabolic profile with a very high cardiovascular risk compared to the non-hypertensive diabetic at the time of diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.