Abstract
The modelling of biological structures has allowed great advances in Engineering, Biology, and Medicine. In turn, these advances are seen from the design of footwear and sports accessories, to the design of prostheses, accessories and rehabilitation treatments. The reproduction of the various tissues has gone through an important evolution thanks to the development of computer systems and programs. However, knowledge of the medical-biological and engineering areas continues to be required, and it involves a considerable investment of time and resources. The resulting biomodels still require great precision. The present work shows a methodology that allows to optimize computational resources and reduce elaboration time of biomodels. Through this methodology, it is possible to generate a biomodel of high biofidelity of a human knee. This biomodel is constituted by hard tissues (cortical and trabecular bones) and soft tissues (ligaments and meniscus) resulting in the modelling of the lower third of the femur, the tibial plateaus, the anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, external lateral ligament, interior lateral ligaments, and the meniscus. With this model and methodology, it is possible to perform numerical analyses that will provide results very similar to those of real life. As, the methodology allows to assign the mechanical properties to each tissue and the anatomical structure.
Highlights
There are many computer programs that allow their application to any scientific and/or technical discipline of everyday life
In the specific case of Biomechanics, there are computational programs commonly used for Engineering, Biology, and Medical areas, to produce three-dimensional models of the structural components of the human body, such as soft and hard tissues
It is clear that in performing this operation, it is necessary a coarse knowledge of both, the computational tool to be used and the anatomy of the studied object. This is because, the images obtained with the techniques are extremely precise, there are a large number of structural elements, typical of the human body that can be confused or not clearly appreciated on their limits
Summary
There are many computer programs that allow their application to any scientific and/or technical discipline of everyday life. In the specific case of Biomechanics, there are computational programs commonly used for Engineering, Biology, and Medical areas, to produce three-dimensional models of the structural components of the human body, such as soft and hard tissues (muscles, tendons, bones, ligaments, veins, etc.). It is clear that in performing this operation, it is necessary a coarse knowledge of both, the computational tool to be used and the anatomy of the studied object This is because, the images obtained with the techniques are extremely precise, there are a large number of structural elements, typical of the human body that can be confused or not clearly appreciated on their limits. If a bad calibration of the imaging equipment occurs, the results obtained would not be precise
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