Abstract
Eighteen diabetic patients not dependent on insulin, given diets high in carbohydrate (60%, 25% fat) or relatively low in carbohydrate (40%, 45% fat), were followed for 40 weeks as outpatients in a group-oriented educational program. Diabetic control was measured by the fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels and quantitative and qualitative urine-sugar tests. Glucose-insulin relationships were evaluated by measuring fasting immunoreactive insulin levels and by intravenous and oral glucose tolerance tests and a modified insulin infusion test after each 20-week diet period. Despite the increased carbohydrate load, control of diabetes and insulin secretory capacity were maintained. Serum cholesterol values were not altered by the change in dietary fat, and the high carbohydrate intake did not increase mean levels of serum triglycerides. The data suggest a seasonal trend for both serum cholesterol and triglycerides.
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