High activity, high selectivity and high biocompatibility BODIPY-pyrimidine derivatives for fluorescence target recognition and evaluation of inhibitory activity

Abstract

BODIPY-Pyrimidine (BP) is a highly selective, highly active, and highly biocompatible fluorescent drug, which is characterized by its own activity combined with a fluorophore. The combination of pyrimidines with good biological activity and fluorophores to obtain new compounds with both anti-tumor activity and fluorescent targeting probe functions is the focus of this research. In terms of biological activity, in vitro cytotoxicity of the compounds on four human cancer cells (HepG2, HeLa, A-459, and HCT-116) and the human normal cell line L-02 was studied. BP-4 has good antiproliferative activity, and its IC50 values are 19.12 ± 2.29, 13.47 ± 3.80, 18.59 ± 7.42, 14.57 ± 2.44 and 92.48 ± 6.03 μM, respectively. Good biocompatibility with tumor cells can be observed in cell imaging. The anti-tumor mechanism of the compound was further studied by flow cytometry. After BP-2, BP-3 and BP-4 treated HeLa cells, the percentage of apoptotic cells was 19.07%, 22.09% and 27.3%, respectively. The cell cycle study found that, compared with the positive control 5-FU (48.05%), the compounds BP-2, BP-3 and BP-4 all increased the proportion of HeLa cells in the G1 phase, reaching 57.65%, 55.46% and 53.58%, respectively. In vivo bioimaging results show that all three compounds can be targeted and accurately expressed in tumor tissues. In addition, molecular docking analyzes the possible interaction between the compound and the active site of thymidylate synthase.