Abstract
In many countries, work is being conducted to introduce Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) systems intended for continuous and automatic control of gross vehicle weight. Such systems are also called WIM systems for direct enforcement (e-WIM). The achievement of introducing e-WIM systems is conditional on ensuring constant, known, and high-accuracy dynamic weighing of vehicles. WIM systems weigh moving vehicles, and on this basis, they estimate static parameters, i.e., static axle load and gross vehicle weight. The design and principle of operation of WIM systems result in their high sensitivity to many disturbing factors, including climatic factors. As a result, weighing accuracy fluctuates during system operation, even in the short term. The article presents practical aspects related to the identification of factors disturbing measurement in WIM systems as well as methods of controlling, improving and stabilizing the accuracy of weighing results. Achieving constant high accuracy in weighing vehicles in WIM systems is a prerequisite for their use in the direct enforcement mode. The research results presented in this paper are a step towards this goal.
Highlights
Due to the design features of Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) systems, they are sensitive to the influence of many factors which can disturb the measurement
The mean value determined in this way is compared with the characteristic value w. This leads to the determination of the accuracy characteristic illustrating the dependence of the WIM system error on the intensity of the disturbing factor
Identifying the causes of changes in the accuracy of weighing in WIM systems has become the primary motivation for searching for solutions that would stabilize the metrological properties of these systems
Summary
Due to the design features of Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) systems, they are sensitive to the influence of many factors which can disturb the measurement. Fluctuations in temperature change the pavement parameters, such as the stiffness modulus or vertical deflection, which in turn varies the accuracy of the weighing results. These changes depend on the technology used in the construction of the road surface as well as the construction of the load sensors and the method of their installation. The observed fluctuations take place in a single day or even over just a few hours This means that the accuracy of the WIM system may be subject to uncontrolled change within as little as a few hours after the completion of a standard calibration procedure
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