Abstract
Wind speed and direction are important parameters in meteorological observation. A solid wind sensor is needed with a small quadcopter for boundary layer meteorological observation. In this paper, the principle of a cylindrical two-dimensional wind sensor is reported and the data from wind tunnel experiments are analyzed. A model is proposed to describe the distribution of the pressure difference across a diameter of a cylinder, and the wind sensor is fabricated with MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) differential pressure sensors. The wind sensor cylinder has a small size with a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 80 mm. In wind tunnel tests in the range of 1 to 40 m/s, the relative speed measuring errors and the direction measuring errors of the prototype are no more than ± (0.2 + 0.03 V) m/s (V is standard wind speed) and 5°, respectively. An inclination angle model is proposed to correct the influence of tilt angle on the quadcopter platform, the wind sensor can maintain the original wind speed and direction measurement accuracy within the 30° inclination range after compensation.
Highlights
Boundary layer meteorological observation is a developmental direction in the field of meteorological monitoring, which can determine various meteorological elements in the lower atmosphere and the vertical distribution of pollutants and their changes regularly
According to to the the results, results, the measurement measurement error of wind direction was no more than 5°, and the measurement error of wind speed was within ±
A prototype of a two-dimensional wind on MEMS differential pressure sensor was fabricated, which has the properties of small size and sensor based on MEMS differential pressure sensor was fabricated, which has the properties of small high accuracy
Summary
Boundary layer meteorological observation is a developmental direction in the field of meteorological monitoring, which can determine various meteorological elements in the lower atmosphere and the vertical distribution of pollutants and their changes regularly. The inclination of the wind sensor has always been a hindrance to mobile measurement application, so the effects of inclination on meteorological parameters measurements will be discussed in this paper It is worth mentioning Bruschi P’s works in this paper, which is based on both ends of the diameter of the cylinder pressure difference to measure the two-dimensional velocity vector, design structure into the flow branch pipe to the pressure, and use the principle of MEMS thermal flow sensor to measure the flow and calculate the wind speed and direction [7]. Literature [10] completed the prototype of cylindrical two-dimensional wind sensor, wind speed measurements, and standards of the anemometer and showed consistency with a wind measurement error of no more than 8◦ All these wind sensors have some defects and cannot meet the need for boundary layer meteorological observation.
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