High acceptance rate and factor associated with Covid-19 vaccination among the urban community in Indonesia

Abstract

Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy due to the disinformation related to Covid-19 infection and vaccination remains a major problem to deal with during this pandemic in Indonesia. This study aims to examine the factors associated with Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and identify the Covid-19 vaccine acceptance rate among the urban community in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey using a developed questionnaire based on the scientific literature was conducted online from March to May 2021 among the urban community in Semarang, Yogyakarta, and Surabaya cities. A total of 1200 individuals older than 18 years old were selected to participate by convenience sampling technique. The questionnaire is divided into three parts to assess the characteristics of respondents, their perception of Covid-19 and vaccination, and their opinion towards Covid-19 disinformation. Data were analyzed descriptively and the association between participant’s characteristics and willingness to Covid-19 vaccination was investigated using logistic regression. The acceptance rate of Covid-19 vaccination among participants was high (92.50%) and most of the participants believed that Covid-19 vaccines are effective (76.75%). The majority of participants also disagreed and did not believe Covid-19 disinformation (85.25%). We found the association between the willingness to be vaccinated with several factors, such as age, education, monthly income, working status, presence of comorbidities, living with elderly status, perceived risk to get Covid-19 infection, beliefs on the effectiveness of Covid-19 vaccine, and perception related to disinformation. A multidimensional approach is needed to increase the Covid-19 vaccine acceptance and reduce public hesitancy towards the vaccine. Trustworthy information and evidence from the government are important to build public trust and overcome this pandemic situation.