Abstract
BackgroundRhizosphere microbiome is dynamic and influenced by environment factors surrounded including pathogen invasion. We studied the effects of Ralstonia solanacearum pathogen abundance on rhizosphere microbiome and metabolome by using high throughput sequencing and GC-MS technology.ResultsThere is significant difference between two rhizosphere bacterial communities of higher or lower pathogen abundance, and this difference of microbiomes was significant even ignoring the existence of pathogen. Higher pathogen abundance decreased the alpha diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community as well as connections in co-occurrence networks. Several bacterial groups such as Bacillus and Chitinophaga were negatively related to the pathogen abundance. The GC-MS analysis revealed significantly different metabolomes in two groups of rhizosphere soils, i.e., the rhizosphere soil of lower harbored more sugars such as fructose, sucrose and melibiose than that in high pathogen abundance.ConclusionsThe dissimilar metabolomes in two rhizosphere soils likely explained the difference of bacterial communities with Mantel test. Bacillus and Chitinophaga as well as sugar compounds negatively correlated with high abundance of pathogen indicated their potential biocontrol ability.
Highlights
Rhizosphere microbiome is dynamic and influenced by environment factors surrounded including pathogen invasion
Root exudates are the main source of rhizosphere soil low molecular weight molecules, and changes in the root exudates composition can affect the composition of rhizosphere soil microbial community [17, 26, 48]
Ralstonia decreased the alpha diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities of higher RS abundance group (HRS) compared to lower RS abundance group (LRS) group (Fig. 3)
Summary
Rhizosphere microbiome is dynamic and influenced by environment factors surrounded including pathogen invasion. Plants recruit beneficial microbes to stimulate plant growth, elicit plant systemic defense, and antagonize pathogens [3, 32]. This kind of recruitment is realized by the release of specific compound, and by alteration of hormone expression levels in plant [4, 35]. Little attention is given to the effects of soil metabolome on soil microbiota, such as sugars, organic acids, and other low molecular weight compounds, which can serve as available nutrients for soil microbes and can be responsible for the interactions of plants with rhizosphere microbes [26]. The soil nutrient condition and health status of host plant can shift the composition of rhizosphere microbiota by affecting root exudates [30]
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