Abstract
The existing constraints from particle colliders reveal a suspicious but nonlethal metastability for our current electroweak vacuum of Higgs potential in the standard model of particle physics, which is, however, disfavored in the early Universe if the inflationary Hubble scale is larger than the instability scale when Higgs quartic self-coupling runs into negative value. Alternative to previous trials of acquiring a positive effective mass-squared from Higgs quadratic couplings to Ricci scalar or inflaton field, we propose a third approach to stabilize the Higgs potential in the early Universe by regarding Higgs as chameleon coupled to inflaton alone without conflicting to the present constraints on either Higgs or chameleon.
Highlights
The state-of-art measurements [1] on Higgs mass Mh 1⁄4 125.10 Æ 0.14 GeV and top quark mass Mt 1⁄4 172.9 Æ 0.4 GeV continue to reenforce the longstanding conspiracy of Higgs near-criticality [2,3,4,5,6]
The running of Higgs quartic self-coupling starts becoming negative around the dubbed instability scale ΛI 1⁄4 9.92 × 109 GeV [9], where the Higgs potential develops a shallow barrier unstable against quantum fluctuations of order Hinf=ð2πÞ during inflation if the inflationary Hubble scale Hinf is larger than ΛI
The survival of our current electroweak (EW) vacuum throughout a high scale inflation seems highly unnatural and undesirable, even though we are temporarily safe in the EW vacuum for a lifetime of order 10161 yrs [14] against Coleman-de Luccia (CdL) instanton with decay rate estimated around 10−554 Gyr−1 Gpc−3 [15,16]
Summary
The state-of-art measurements [1] on Higgs mass Mh 1⁄4 125.10 Æ 0.14 GeV and top quark mass Mt 1⁄4 172.9 Æ 0.4 GeV continue to reenforce the longstanding conspiracy of Higgs near-criticality [2,3,4,5,6] (see [7,8] for recent reviews and references therein). The survival of our current electroweak (EW) vacuum throughout a high scale inflation seems highly unnatural and undesirable, even though we are temporarily safe in the EW vacuum for a lifetime of order 10161 yrs [14] against Coleman-de Luccia (CdL) instanton with decay rate estimated around 10−554 Gyr−1 Gpc−3 [15,16] (see [17] for lattice simulation result and [18] for most recent results with thermal corrections). This is known as Higgs metastability, a special. The idea is simple enough but has never been explored before [90], which is free from all the current constraints on Higgs from particle colliders and on chameleon from local gravity experiments if we restrict ourselves to couple Higgs chameleon to inflaton alone
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