Abstract
A metal–organic gel (MOG) similar in constitution to MIL-100 (Fe) but containing a lower connectivity ligand (5-aminoisophthalate) was integrated with an isophthalate functionalized graphene (IG). The IG acted as a structure-directing templating agent, which also induced conductivity of the material. The MOG@IG was pyrolyzed at 600°C to obtain MGH-600, a hybrid of Fe/Fe3C/FeOx enveloped by graphene. MGH-600 shows a hierarchical pore structure, with micropores of 1.1 nm and a mesopore distribution between 2 and 6 nm, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area amounts to 216 m2/g. Furthermore, the MGH-600 composite displays magnetic properties, with bulk saturation magnetization value of 130 emu/g at room temperature. The material coated on glassy carbon electrode can distinguish between molecules with the same oxidation potential, such as dopamine in presence of ascorbic acid and revealed a satisfactory limit of detection and limit of quantification (4.39 × 10−7 and 1.33 × 10−6 M, respectively) for the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Highlights
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) consisting of organic linkers bridging metal or metal–oxo clusters entail profound benefits when they are used in a variety of applications, such as separations, gas storage, chemical sensing, and catalysis (He et al, 2019; Chen et al, 2020; Huang et al, 2020; Roztocki et al, 2020)
Isophthalate graphene was used in order to direct in situ the interfacial gelation along the surface of isophthalate functionalized graphene (IG) through coordination of the metal clusters with the isophthalate groups anchored to the graphene
A 3D metal–organic gel (MOG) network is anticipated to be formed by a selfassembly process in between IG interfaces where the metal would be coordinated to the organic linkers, and other noncovalent interactions occur between the constituents, such as hydrogen bonding or π-π stacking, which attributes to the profound gelation ability (Jayaramulu et al, 2017)
Summary
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) consisting of organic linkers bridging metal or metal–oxo clusters entail profound benefits when they are used in a variety of applications, such as separations, gas storage, chemical sensing, and catalysis (He et al, 2019; Chen et al, 2020; Huang et al, 2020; Roztocki et al, 2020). We present the targeted synthesis of a metal–organic gel (MOG) consisting of Fe3Cl(H2O)2O clusters interconnected with 5-aminoisophthalic acid (NH2ip) in the presence of isophthalate functionalized graphene (IG) (Vermisoglou et al, 2019). The resultant metal-containing graphene hybrid MGH-600 (carbonized at 600◦C) was investigated for DA sensing in presence of AA and revealed a satisfactory limit of detection This significant electrochemical performance can be attributed to synergistic effects, where IG serves as a conducting matrix and provides hierarchical pores. STEM-HAADF (high-angle annular dark-field imaging) analyses for elemental mapping of the products were performed with an FEI Titan HRTEM (Tokyo, Japan) (high-resolution TEM) microscope operating at 200 kV For these analyses, a droplet of a dispersion of the material in ethanol with concentration of ∼0.1 mg mL−1 was deposited onto a carbon-coated copper grid and dried. Thereafter, 10 μL drop of MGH600 aqueous suspension in (2 g L−1) was coated onto the GCE surface and allowed to dry at laboratory temperature to form a thin film
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