Hierarchical Optimization Scheduling of Active Demand Response for Distribution Networks in 5G Base Stations

Abstract

The study aims to solve the problem that the traditional scheduling optimization model does not apply to the multimicrogrid systems in the 5th generation mobile networks (5G). First, the response characteristics of the 5G base station energy storage demand are analyzed. Second, a microgrid hybrid power supply system is proposed. Third, a multimicrogrid demand response hierarchical optimal scheduling model based on the game is constructed, and the game interaction mechanism between various stakeholders in the demand response is studied. Finally, the strategy of each microgrid in the IEEE-9 bus system in the game bidding is simulated by a genetic algorithm (GA), and the simulation experiment is carried out by Matlab. The results show that (1) after the optimization of the multimicrogrid system, the overall load of the microgrid is reduced, the independent energy optimization is carried out according to the energy access of each microgrid, and renewable energy is fully used. (2) Based on the game-based time-sharing bidding strategy, the system gives priority to the low-cost microgrid for power supply and saves the cost. (3) The load transfer capacity of the three microgrids obtained by the model are 132.7 kW, 47.1 kW, and 46.4 kW, which is within the actual load range of each microgrid; their electricity sales are 665.8 kWh, 2053.3 kWh, and 1668.2 kWh; and their income is 132.45 CNY, 411.72 CNY, and 354.63 CNY, respectively. This shows that the game equilibrium index makes the power sales of each microgrid proportional to its income, which ensures the fair and effective scheduling in the bidding process. The study provides technical support for the construction of a 5G base station and the active demand response scheduling optimization of distribution networks.