Abstract

Abstract RuO 2 hollow spheres as a macroporous model structure for substituting a graphite anode in a lithium ion battery were successfully fabricated by utilizing the electrostatic attraction between exfoliated RuO 2 nanosheets and cationic polymers onto the polystyrene (PS) templates. According to the results of scanning electron microscopy, thin RuO 2 nanosheets were homogeneously covered onto the polystyrene beads before calcination. Transmission electron microscopy images clearly indicated complete removal of the PS templates after calcination at 500 °C for 2 h, leading to RuO 2 hollow spheres with a macroporous structure. Electrochemical charge/discharge experiments demonstrated a much larger lithium storage capacity for the RuO 2 hollow spheres described here (600 mAh/g) than that of bare rutile RuO 2 (340 mAh/g), highlighting the effectiveness of this synthetic technology.

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