Abstract
2-D transition metal carbides (TMCs)-based anode materials offer competitive performance in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its excellent conductivity; cheaper, flexible uses; and superior mechanical stability. However, the electrochemical energy storage of TMCs is still the major obstacle due to their modest capacity and the trends of restacking/aggregation. In this report, the Mo2C nanosheets were attached on conductive CNT network to form a hierarchical 2D hybrid structure, which not only alleviated the aggregation of the Mo2C nanoparticle and facilitated the rapid transference of ion/electron, but also adapted effectually to the hefty volume expansion of Mo2C nanosheets and prevented restacking/collapse of Mo2C structure. Benefitting from the layered Mo2@CNT hybrid structure, the charge/discharge profile produced a 200 mAh g−1 discharge-specific capacity (second cycle) and 132 mAh g−1 reversible-discharge discharge-specific capacity (after 100 cycles) at 50 mA g−1 current density, with high-speed competency and superior cycle stability. The improved storage kinetics for Mo2@CNT hybrid structure are credited to the creation of numerous active catalytic facets and association reaction between the CNT and Mo2C, promoting the efficient electron transfer and enhancing the cycling stability.
Highlights
In the last few years, reusable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have played a prominent part in energy storage for various devices, such as wearable/portable consumer electronics, implantable devices, vehicles and smart power grids, mobile phones, laptops, and so forth, due to its high energy density, being smaller/buoyant, and having excellent rate capability/cycling stability [1,2]
Theoretical calculations validated that molybdenum carbide (Mo2 C) has a minimal Li+ scattering fence of 0.035 eV, which implies their proficiency for Li+ swift storage and discharge and greatly widens their application [12,14]
Mo2 C@CNT composites are proposed as anode material to increase inner porosity, reduce dense stacking, and bring about strong intimate contact and high ion accessibility, which could further lead to better speed competency, high revocable capacity, and cycle steadiness
Summary
In the last few years, reusable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have played a prominent part in energy storage for various devices, such as wearable/portable consumer electronics, implantable devices, vehicles and smart power grids, mobile phones, laptops, and so forth, due to its high energy density, being smaller/buoyant, and having excellent rate capability/cycling stability [1,2]. Among the various investigated TMC materials, molybdenum carbide (Mo2 C) has received particular attention as an emerging anode electrode because of its enormous theoretical capacity, which far exceeds that of amorphous carbon, and outstanding electrical conductivity, low cost availability, excellent electrochemical behavior, and identical electronic configuration of Pt group metals [10,11,12,13,14]. The inevitable accretion of Mo2 C particles during the electrochemical reaction leads to less exposed active sites or reduced electrons/protons transport to the electrode surface from the electrolytes, thereby decreasing the intercalation/deintercalation for Li-ion transport as well as deteriorating the device enactment. Our results indicate that active material of Mo2 C nanoparticles wrapping/attaching into porous CNT nets is an efficient process to enhance the reversible capacity and avoid accretion of these nanoparticles in the repetitive battery cycling process
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