HIERARCHICAL CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF DISTRICTS/CITIES IN NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE BASED ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX INDICATORS USING PSEUDO-F

Abstract

Human development is needed to create prosperity and assist development in a country. In realising this, it is necessary to first look at the quality of human resources in the country, so that its use is more targeted. The measure used as a standard for the success of human development in a country is the Human Development Index (HDI). HDI figure are calculated from the aggregation of three dimensions, namely longevity and healthy living, knowledge, and decent standard of living. The longevity and healthy living dimension is represented by the Life Expectancy. Average Years of Schooling (AYS) and Expected Years of Schooling (EYS) are indicators representing the knowledge dimension. Meanwhile, the decent standard of living dimension is represented by the Expenditure per Capita indicator. The purpose of this study is to explain the characteristics of each cluster obtained from Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of districts/cities in North Sumatra Province based on HDI indicators in 2022 using Pseudo-F. The methods used are Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Calinski-Harabasz Pseudo-F Statistic. The main concept of this method is to determine the optimum number of groups. This research uses secondary data obtained from BPS. The sample size in this study are 33 districts/cities and the number of variables are 4 variables. The results of the analysis of this study are the formation of 4 clusters with the best method is Ward. Cluster 1 consists of four members, namely Medan City, Pematang Siantar City, Binjai City, and Padang Sidempuan City, where this cluster has a very high HDI level. Meanwhile, Cluster 4 is a cluster that has a very low HDI level with four cluster members, namely Nias District, South Nias District, North Nias District, and West Nias District. Thus, it can be seen that there is a gap between regions in North Sumatra Province.